伴随数字金融技术在发展中国家和地区的广泛应用,金融服务的参与主体和支付方式正在发生改变。虽然借助数字金融技术,银行可以降低金融服务成本和交易成本,但这并不意味着银行可以不考虑其他风险和成本,向曾经的金融“排斥”群体提供服务。本文选取2011—2017年53个具有金融关联的国家和地区的相关数据,采用空间面板回归模型实证检验了数字金融赋能下的金融包容与银行体系发展的空间关联效应。结果表明,银行体系发展能够推进金融包容空间效应的正向溢出,数字金融赋能下的金融包容能够帮助银行在发展过程中确保资产质量,但银行可能会出于对自身资本充足率和盈利性的考虑,对推进金融包容有所顾虑。金融开放度以及手机普及率的提高,有助于银行在推进金融包容的过程中平衡金融包容内在的公益属性和金融机构内在的商业属性之间的关系。
Abstract
With the widespread application of digital financial technology in developing countries and regions, the participants and payment structure of financial services are quietly changing. Although digital financial technology can help banks reduce the cost of financial services and transaction costs, this does not mean that banks can ignore other risks and costs in providing services to the “financially excluded” groups.
Based on the data collected in 53 countries and regions from 2011 to 2017, this paper uses a spatial panel regression model to empirically test the spatial correlation effect of financial inclusion and the development of the banking system with the empowerment of digital finance. On the whole, the relationship between financial inclusion and the development of the banking system empowered by digital finance is not competitive but cooperative. The conclusions are as follows. Firstly, the level of development of the domestic banking system can have a positive spatial spillover effect on the financial inclusion of countries. Bank concentration does not only promote external expansion of financial inclusion and external expansion, but also can offset the negative effects brought about by factors like capital adequacy and profitability. Secondly, digital financial technology prevents banks' asset quality from declining due to the development of financial inclusion, but bank capital adequacy ratio and profitability indicators are negatively correlated with it. The increase in financial freedom index can alleviate banks' concerns about their profitability to promote financial inclusion. Thirdly, the increase in the penetration rate of mobile equipment such as mobile phones will alleviate monopolies in the banking system, and help banks balance the contradiction between the inherent public welfare attributes of financial inclusion and the inherent commercial attributes of financial institutions.
This paper gives two suggestions. Firstly, increasing financial freedom and the penetration rate of digital financial services will help banks ensure stability in the process of promoting the expansion of financial inclusion space. Secondly, in the process of promoting financial inclusion, the application of digital financial technology should focus on enhancing information transparency and improving the social integrity environment in order to improve the quality of bank assets, rather than including all regions, clients, and enterprises without screening into the bank's balance sheet.
关键词
数字金融 /
金融包容 /
全球空间效应 /
银行稳定性
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
Digital Finance /
Financial Inclusion /
Global Spatial Effects /
Bank Robustness
{{custom_keyword}} /
中图分类号：
F831
{{custom_clc.code}}
({{custom_clc.text}})
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 付争. 全球金融空间变化趋势与国际协调[J]. 东北亚论坛,2020(1):85-99
[2] 粟勤,孟娜娜. 法制环境、银行业市场结构与普惠金融[J]. 首都经济贸易大学学报,2018(5):28-38
[3] Ahamed M M,Mallick S K.Is Financial Inclusion Good for Bank Stability?International Evidence[J]. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,2019,157(1):403-427
[4] Chauvet L,Jacolin L. Financial Inclusion,Bank Concentration and Firm Performance[J]. World Development,Elsevier,2017,97(C):1-13
[5] Cihak M,Mare D S,Melecky M.The Nexus of Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability:A Study of Trade-Offs and Synergies[R]. Policy Research Working Paper,The World Bank,2016
[6] David C.Urban World/Global City[M]. London and New York:Routledge,2003:164-165
[7] Geach N. The Digital Divide,Financial Exclusion and Mobile Phone Technology:Two Problems,One Solution[R]. University of Hertfordshire,Working Paper,2007
[8] GPFI(Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion). Global Standard-Setting Bodies and Financial Inclusion for the Poor:Toward Proportionate Standards and Guidance[R]. A White Paper Prepared by CGAP on Behalf of the G20's Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion. GPFI/CGAP,Washington D.C.,2011
[9] Hanning A,Jansen S.Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability:Current Policy Issues[R]. ADBI Working Paper,No.259,2010
[10] Ibranhim B,Rifat K and Melek Y. Spatial Determinants of Financial Inclusion Over Time[J]. Journal of International Development,2018,30(12):1474-1504
[11] IMF. Financial Access Survey:Trends and Development[R]. IMF,2019
[12] Mehrotra A,Yetman J.Financial Inclusion-Issues for Central Bank[R]. BIS Quarterly Review,2015:83-96
[13] Morgan P,Pontines V.Financial Stability and Financial Inclusion[R]. ADBI Working Paper 488,2014
[14] Morgan P,Pontines V.Financial Stability and Financial Inclusion:The Case of SME Lending[J]. The Singapore Economic Review,2018,63(1):111-124
[15] Neaime S,Gaysset I.Financial Inclusion and Stability in MENA:Evidence from Poverty and Inequality[J]. Finance Research Letters,2018,24(3):230-237
[16] Owen L,Pereira J. Bank Concentration,Competition and Financial Inclusion[R]. MPRA Paper No.73598,2016
[17] Sarma M,Pais J.Financial Inclusion and Development[J]. Journal of International Development,2011,23(5):613-628
[18] Wahiba N F.Regional Development and Inequality of Income Distribution[J]. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences,2014,3(2):49-57
[19] Wang Y. Mainwaring S D.Human-Currency Interaction:Learning from Virtual-Currency Use in China[EB/OL]. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,2008:25-28
[20] Wang X,Guan J.Financial Inclusion:Measurement,Spatial Effects and Influencing Factors[J]. Applied Economics,2017,49(18):1751-1762
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
基金
*本文获国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建人类命运共同体进程中国际经贸规则重构博弈与中国的战略选择”（19ZDA053）、辽宁省教育厅高等学校青年科技人才“育苗”项目“空间政治经济学视域下全球金融空间演化脉络与动力机制研究”（LQN202023）、辽宁大学亚洲研究中心一般项目“全球金融空间重塑下的东亚货币合作研究”（Y201912）资助
{{custom_fund}}
京公网安备 11010202008337号
